The Black Rat Snake (Pantherophis obsoletus), also known as the Eastern Rat Snake, is one of the most common and helpful snakes in North America. Though often mistaken for a venomous species because of its dark color and size, this snake is non-venomous and plays an important role in keeping rodent populations under control.
If you see a long, black snake slithering through the woods or across your yard, it might be a Black Rat Snake! Let’s take a closer look at how to identify this species and learn some fun facts about it.
How to Identify a Black Rat Snake
-
Color: Adults are mostly solid black on top with a light-colored belly (white or grayish). Young snakes have gray or brown blotches that fade with age.
-
Length: They can grow 4 to 6 feet long, but some reach over 7 feet, making them one of the longest snakes in North America.
-
Head: Slightly wider than the neck with a more squared-off shape than venomous snakes.
-
Eyes: Round pupils (unlike the cat-like pupils of venomous pit vipers).
-
Climbing Ability: Excellent climbers—often found in trees or barns hunting birds and eggs.
Where Do Black Rat Snakes Live?
These snakes are found throughout the eastern and central United States, from New England down to Florida and as far west as Texas. Their habitats include:
-
Forests
-
Farmlands
-
Fields
-
Backyards
-
Abandoned buildings or barns
They are most active during the day in cooler months and become more nocturnal in summer.
What Do They Eat?
As their name suggests, Black Rat Snakes love to eat rats and mice, but they also eat:
-
Birds and bird eggs
-
Frogs and lizards
-
Small mammals
They kill prey by constriction, wrapping their body around it until it can’t breathe.
Are Black Rat Snakes Dangerous?
No. Black Rat Snakes are non-venomous and not dangerous to humans. If threatened, they may rattle their tail, hiss, or strike—but they rarely bite. In fact, they are beneficial because they help control pests.
Final Thoughts
The Black Rat Snake is a helpful, harmless snake that deserves respect—not fear. With its sleek body, strong climbing skills, and rodent-hunting talents, it’s a true friend to farmers and homeowners alike.
Learn More: wildlifehub.xyz
